大衛的歌迷有很多從來沒有迷過歌手，對甚麼叫做Billboard排行本來都是霧煞煞，這時候就有個高手Soundscene（住在風光優美的夏威夷）為大家寫了這麼一篇Billboard排行榜的入門篇，大家讀完之後自然就了解以後版主發大衛排行銷售，例如像這樣：14 12 David Archuleta Crush 4758 4514 244 26.079，是甚麼意思了。
p.s.：Hugh，這篇是應你的要求發的。
請到繼續閱讀之後仔細研究。
Billboard:
Billboard Magazine is a well-respected music publication that has been
around for decades. Along with publishing articles about the music
industry every week, it also publishes the complete radio and sales
charts for songs and albums released in the United States and several
other countries. David has said that he loved looking at Billboard
charts to see what songs were popular overseas, and the entire back
section of each issue is devoted to just that. Nowadays charts are also
posted on Billboard.com and the subscription-based website,
Billboard.biz.
Mediabase:
Mediabase tracks radio airplay of songs on many different formats of
radio stations, including Contemporary Hit Radio/Pop (also called
CHR/Pop or Top 40 Radio),
Hot Adult Contemporary (Hot AC),
Adult Contemporary (AC), Rhythmic, Urban, Country, and more.[/b]
Mediabase only monitors certain radio stations
in each format and counts how many times those stations play each song.
Based on these results, daily and weekly charts are tabulated and
published on websites like All Access. David’s songs are (and likely
will be in the future) released to CHR/Pop, Hot AC and AC formats.
Although it’s easiest for us to track radio airplay on Mediabase,
Billboard does not use Mediabase to calculate radio airplay for its
charts. It instead uses a different airplay monitoring company called
BDS, which is run by Neilson (the same people that tabulate television
ratings each week).
CHR/Pop: This radio format is your typical top 40 radio station. They play current artists in pop, R&B, rock and sometimes rap.
Hot AC: Think of Hot AC radio stations as Top 40-lite. They usually don’t play any rap or heavy rock songs.
They often play older songs as well as current songs. Hot AC stations
tend to play more rock than CHR/Pop stations, but none of what they
play will be too heavy or hard.
AC:
AC stations are typically “the best of the 80s, 90s and Now.” They will
play a select number of current songs, usually just three or four times
a day at the most, and several older songs as well. Songs on AC tend to
be much lighter. Some AC stations call themselves “soft rock,” although
they will play pop and R&B as well.
Spins: A spin is a single play of a song, like “Crush,” on a radio station.
Rolling Airplay Chart:
Mediabase publishes a rolling chart every day. A rolling chart shows
the total spins a song receives on all monitored radio stations in a
particular format over the last 7 days. For example, on a Monday,
Mediabase will publish the CHR/Pop rolling chart that shows the total
number of spins for each song between the previous Monday to the
following Sunday. On Tuesday, the chart will show the total number of
spins from the previous Tuesday to the following Monday.
Weekly Airplay Chart:
Mediabase and Billboard both publish weekly airplay charts based only
on a song’s weekly spins. These airplay charts run from Monday to
Sunday. The rolling airplay chart from Sunday on Mediabase essentially
“freezes” and becomes that week’s weekly airplay chart. Billboard’s
weekly airplay charts (based on spins) are the Mainstream Top 40
(CHR/Pop), Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks (Hot AC), and Hot Adult Contemporary
Tracks (AC). Mediabase and Billboard monitor a slightly different set
of radio stations, so their charts don’t always match up.
Bullet:
I find one of the most common questions is “what is a bullet?” A bullet
actually has more than one meaning, depending on what chart you’re
looking at. On Mediabase rolling and weekly airplay charts, you’ll see
several sets of numbers, one of which is the song’s bullet. For
example, if you look at the CHR/Pop Rolling Chart, you might see
something like this for “Crush”
14 12 DAVID ARCHULETA Crush 4758 4514 244 26.079
The
bolded “244″ is Crush’s current bullet (for that day). The first number
after “Crush” (4758) is the song’s total number of spins in the last 7
days. The number after that (4514) is the total number of spins the
song received the 7 days before that (the prior week). Take 4758 and
subtract 4514 and you get 244, the difference in the number of spins
between this week and last week. It basically measures how fast a song
is moving from week to week, and whether the song is moving up or
moving down (a negative bullet would mean it’s moving down).
Billboard
has a different definition of bullet, although it represents somewhat
of the same idea. When a song is bulleted on a particular chart that
means there was an increase in whatever that chart is measuring (if
it’s sales, then there was an increase in sales; if it’s airplay then
there was an increase in airplay). Confusingly, the weekly airplay
charts for Billboard (as explained above) also have bullets like the
Mediabase bullets.
Audience Impression:
Audience Impression, or AI, is an estimate of the number of people that
hear a particular song in a given daily or weekly period. Taking the
Mediabase example above, the number 26.079 is the AI. This represents
26,079,000 people. Mediabase is estimating that 26 million people heard
“Crush” during the last 7 days. AI can vary based on the number of
spins a song receives each week and where those spins happen. For
example, Z100, the #1 radio station in the country, has a much higher
AI than KQMQ, the radio station in my hometown. That’s because more
people live in the area that Z100 reaches. So a spin on Z100 counts for
more AI than a spin on my radio station. Why does this matter? Because
Billboard not only has charts based on a song’s total number of spins
in a given week, but it also has separate charts based solely on AI.
The main chart based on AI is the Hot 100 Airplay Chart. Why does
Billboard have separate charts for spins and AI? Who knows… it just
does. Speaking of which…
Hot 100 Airplay Chart:
As mentioned, this is Billboard’s biggie AI airplay chart. It measures
the AI airplay of songs from all formats–rock, rap, urban, rhythmic,
CHR/Pop, AC, Hot AC. It’s much harder for a song to climb the Hot 100
Airplay Chart simply because there are so many songs being played on
the radio. Billboard also has other AI airplay charts, such as the Pop
100 Airplay chart, on which David’s songs also chart.
Hot 100:
The Hot 100 is the biggest chart of them all for songs. It’s a
Billboard chart that measures both a song’s sales and its AI airplay.
Basically, Billboard takes a song’s sales for the week, adds in its AI
airplay from the Hot 100 Airplay Chart, throws in a dash of online
streaming, and calculates where each song falls on the list. The result
is a measure of how all songs are doing in general. The math isn’t too
important (I’ll probably go into that in another post), but suffice to
say that “Crush”’s #2 debut on the Hot 100 was an event simply because
it’s so difficult for songs to even make the top 10 on the Hot 100.
There’s also format charts like the Pop 100, on which David’s songs
will also chart.
soundscene@IDF
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